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Beer and Wine

Transcript: Drug Wars Project: Beer and Wine Group 4 The Origin of Beer and Wine Difficult to pinpoint Beer in Mesopotamia 3400 BC Wine in Mediterranean by 1500 BC The Origin of Beer and Wine Some archeologist believe that alongside the Neolithic revolution; around 10000 BC, people were beginning to discover fermentation. Signs of the earliest wine production and grape domestication can be dated between 8000 BC- 4100 BC. Prehistoric wine racks were found in northwestern Iran and found to have been around 5700 years old. Alongside their discovery many scientists have come to the conclusion that alcohol consumption was not only for a select few but for the majority of the civilization. Beer and Wine in the Neolithic Revolution Beer and Wine in the Neolithic Revolution An ode to the Sumerian goddess of beer, containing a recipe for an ancient brew was written around 1800 BC. Similarly, wine is mentioned in the Bible “no more than 165 times” (Forces of Habit). Beer and Wine were also very prevalent in ancient Egypt where they were offered to the gods and even used as means of payment to each other Alcohol in Ancient Religion Alcohol in Ancient Religion Used as an alternative to unsafe drinking water these substances continued to grow in popularity all over the world. By the 1500s, the discovery of the new world allowed for a monopoly of viniculture throughout Peru, Chile and Alta California. Water was not as safe to drink as beer so sailors and soldiers drank a great deal of it to survive, and even the Mayflower had been transporting more beer than water. Beer, Wine and the New World Beer, Wine and the New World Most Prominent Uses of Beer and Wine Most Prominent Uses of Beer a... Uses • Throughout history, wine has been frequently used in religious ceremonies, and has a close connection with religion. • Mostly in ancient times, wine was used as a medicine. The Egyptians and Sumerians both used wine mixed with honey to cure coughs. • Today, beer and wine are primarily consumed for the purpose of intoxication. Italian Wine Scandal 1986 Italian Wine Scandal 1986 Laboratory testing of italian wines for illegal amounts of methanol. Italian Wine Scandal 1986 In 1986 an italian gang started to use methonal inside of inexpensive italian wines instead of sugar because it is cheaper and easier to use. Methanol is a poisonous substance and is fatal in excessive amounts. Over consumption of methanol caused over 20 deaths in Italy and caused suspicion of italian wines in the US. This suspicion caused a blow to italian wine exports. After testing the wines it was found that the Italian wines in the US were safe. In italy after testing 274 bottles were found to contain illegal quantities of methanol. Italian authorities rounded up the gang members who were suspected to have sold up to 65,000 gallons of methanol to inexpensive wine producers. Italian Wine Scandal 1986 Regulation: Pre 1990 Regulation: Pre 1990 Beer and wine's historic, cultural and economic significance have generally protected it from strong regulation and prohibition. During the 1910s, political pressure from Prohibitionist groups such as The Anti Saloon League would cause a handful of western nations to enact prohibitionist policy. nations to enact prohabitionist policy. Prohibition would prove itself to be harmful. Leading to organized crime and public dissatisfaction. Most would abandon prohibition in the 1930s. However, other regulations such as minimum drinking ages and high taxes have remained. Regulation: Post 1990 Today, prohibition is only practiced under Islamic governments who have banned it in accordance with the Quran Drunk driving had been a growing problem throughout the 20th century. However, activist groups such as M.A.D.D and S.A.D.D would push the issue into the spotlight during the 1990s. Regulation: Post 1990 Although new policy has greatly reduced drunk driving accidents, groups such as these continue their efforts to end drunk driving. Although new policy has led to a significant drop in drunk driving accidents, groups like these continue to push for more severe drunk driving policy. Kurniawan Scandal: 2000 Kurniawan Scandal: 2000 In 2012, a wine connoisseur named Rudy Kurniawan was arrested for selling fake bottles of expensive wines and was sentenced to 10 years in prison in 2014 , making Kurniawan the first person to officially be convicted of wine fraud. FBI found fake labels, corking tools, empty bottles, and extensive notes on tastes in Kurniawan's home. This scandal sparked debate on the legitimacy of many prestigious wine brands and caused a commotion around the international wine trade. Caused fear in wine investors and was linked to "wine terrorism" events in France where groups of activists had smashed up vineyards and storage facilities. Fake labels, corks, and foil capsules used as evidence in Kurniawan's case:

BEER and Wine

Transcript: Alcohol and The Affects by Trystan Stephens 1 The Law of the Land In 1984, President Ronald Reagan signed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act into law Which required all states to raise the legal age to 21 Your Brain 2 Hippocampus #1 Hippocampus Memory retention loss More alcohol = more damnage Younger = higher chance #2 Occipital Lobe Blurry Vision Distance Straight line test #3 Parietal lobe Shaking Slow Reactions Loss of Motor skills Public Opinion on Drinking age in the USA The World Varies The legal drinking age is 18 Europe Ranges from 16-18 Canada ranges from 18-19 for the minimum drinking age Beer before wine, you'll be fine, Wine before beer, sick for a year. !

Beer and Wine

Transcript: Beer and Wine We can trace alcoholic beverages made by humans to about 7000 BC, but certainly prehistoric humans consumed alcohol in rotten fruits and berries. The first use and production of modern wine was found in western Asia, however the origins remain a mystery. Commercial production began around 1500 BC as the bible mentions wine more than 165 times. Origins and Popularity Title the medical value of wine to disinfect wounds. safer than water celebration Uses of Alcohol Title Title Regulation of Beer/Wine (prior 1990) Alcohol Scandal (prior 1990) -Alcohol has been regulation in several different ways including where its sold, what prices alcohol should be, who should be allowed to drink, how intoxicated someone may get -Through all this alcohol has never been illegal, the closest its been was "the Probation" -Now Alcohol regulations are more focused on who specifically can buy it (21 and older) The Wine Producers in Austria faced a decrease of consumers due to the use of di-ethylene glycol in wine. Italy and Germany was also involved because of their use of methanol in wine. In 1995,China Fake beer was exposed, due to killing a person and making others ill. This picture is from the Prohibition the largest example of alcohol regulation through the United States of America. Source: https://www.history.com/news/10-things-you-should-know-about-prohibition 20 states allow beer, wine and liquor sales in grocery stores, 13 beer and wine, 6 only beer, 11 have no sales 2004 saw T.V. stations allowing alcohol ads go from 60 to 600 Alcohol is a leading cause of death and disability about 2.8 million deaths each year Post 1990 Control Title - Japan Airlines co-pilot reported by a Heathrow Airport bus driver prior to takeoff - Was found to be over ten times the legal BAC for pilots flying from Britain and subsequently jailed - No standard limit for an airline pilot's BAC under current Japanese law Title Alcohol Scandals

Beer, wine, and spirits

Transcript: AFC 10 9 MC 150 2 MR 50 Beer, wine, and spirits 0 6 100 3 7 Units Produced $200 4 5 ATC AVC 1 8 Costs

BEER & WINE

Transcript: When was wine invented? Brewing process Vatican Beer in Germany $100000000 Some parts of the world Extra information about wine! Process: There are professional control over the wine-production. Cleaned machines, inspect and sanitize equipment. The most basic way to sanitize equipment is to boil your equipment in water. Chlorine (most common universally accessible sanitizer) Mashing:Mashing is the process of mixing milled grain with water, and heating this mixture up with rests at certain temperatures to allow enzymes in the malt to break down the starch in the grain into sugars, typically maltose. Lautering:Lautering is the separation of the extracts won during mashing from the spent grain. Boiling:Boiling the won extracts, called wort, ensures its sterility, and thus prevents a lot of infections. The Top 5 Beer Producing Countries: For wine... Beer brewing process Bello,Coronel,Rodriguez,de Beruti, Martin Fermentation:a metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate, such as starch or a sugar, into an alcohol or an acid. Grapes to Wine Beer is a major part of German culture. Until 1993, German beer was brewed according to the Reinheitsgebot( "German Beer Purity Law"), which only permitted water, hops, and malt as ingredients and stipulated that beers not exclusively using barley-malt, such as wheat beer, must be top-fermented. In 2012, Germany ranked third in terms of per-capita beer consumption, behind the Czech Republic and Austria. Country Production in Litres Percentage of World Total 1 China produce 49.0 billion liters 25.1% 2 United States produce 22.9 billion liters 11.7% 3 Brazil produce 13.2 billion liters 6.4% 4 Russia produce 9.7 billion liters 4.9% 5 Germany produce 9.4 billion liters 4.8% Beer How is beer made? Brewing process biggest consumer of wine Secondary fermentation: Secondary fermentation is an additional fermentation after the first or primary fermentation. Some beers may have three fermentation SANITARY CONDITIONS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION: Beer:an alcoholic drink brewed from malt, sugar, hops, and water and fermented with yeast. Conditioning:When the sugars in the fermenting beer have been almost completely digested, the fermentation slows down and the yeast starts to settle to the bottom of the tank.At this stage, the beer is cooled to around freezing. Filtering: Filtering the beer stabilizes the flavor, and gives beer its polished shine and brilliance. Not all beer is filtered. Packaging:is putting the beer into the containers in which it will leave the brewery. For beer... Definitions: Corona Extra is a pale lager produced by Cervecería Modelo in Mexico for domestic distribution and export to all other countries. It is one of the top-selling beers worldwide. Outside of Mexico, Corona is commonly served with a wedge of lime or lemon in the neck of the bottle to add tartness and flavor. In the United States, Corona Extra is the top selling imported beer. Ingredients: Corona Extra contains barley malt, rice and/or corn, hops, yeast, antioxidants (ascorbic acid), and propylene glycol as a stabiliser. Fermentation:starts as soon as yeast is added to the cooled wort. This is also the point at which the product is first called beer. It is during this stage that sugars won from the malt are metabolized into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Corona Work in the brewery is typically divided into 7 steps: Mashing, Lautering, Boiling, Fermenting, Conditioning, Filtering, and Filling. Process of wine: Sour beers sour can be controlled with proper cleaning and sanitation. If you can brew a hefeweizen, and your next beer doesn’t turn out to be one, you can brew a sour beer and not have your subsequent beers be contaminated. extra components BEER & WINE Wine:an alcoholic drink produced by the fermenting of grapes with water and sugar.

BEER & WINE

Transcript: BEER BEER WINE WINE FACTS HISTORY WINE BEER The earliest known traces of wine: Georgia ( 6000 BC), Iran ( 5000 BC), Sicily (4000 BC) Similar alcoholic drink: China (7000 BC) It reached the Balkans by 4500 BC - ancient Greece, Rome Important role in religion Middle Ages: preferred to water (concern over purity of water) It was consumed on daily basis in France and Western Mediterranean Northern Europe: preferred drinks of nobility, not common among pheasants. Nowadays: Less and less people drink it. Mesopotamia: first brewers (10000 BC) The oldest recorded recipe in the world (Egyptians - 5000 BC) Middle East -> Europe across the Mediterranean Safe alternative to drinking water Middle Ages: Modern beer was born 12th century: German monks began using hops for bitterness Along with Northern European countries Britain became a brewing center, too -> pale ale, stouts, porters British Empire -> far away outposts -> IPA Nowadays: limitless world of beer HOW IT'S MADE WINE BEER Malted Barley or other type of cereal grain. Invert Sugar (Glucose / Fructose ) Hops Water (Liquor) accounts for 85 – 90% of beer content. Yeast responsible for fermentation. Grapes Yeast Sugar Tannin Acid Time TYPES WINE BEER Red Wine White Wine Rose Wine Sparkling Wine Fortified Wine Lager Pilsner Belgian Beer IPA Pale Ale Stout Porter Wheat Beer TASTE WINE BEER

Wine and Beer

Transcript: Beer originally came from Egypt and Mesopotamia and later spread around the world Wine and Beer one food that Beer was used for is Beer bread. instead of using water they used beer which would be much more filling Things that Beer would have been used for other than drinking where did Beer come from What are the four basic ingredients in Wine Wine originally came from the south of Russia called Caucasus Ancient Nubia is located in North East Africa Ancient Nubia Wine grapes, Sugars, Tannin and Some type of seed are four basic ingredients for making Wine What are the four basic ingredients to make Beer Hops, Barley, Yeast and Water are the four basic ingredients to make Beer Where did Wine come from

Beer and wine

Transcript: Beer & Wine Origins around the world Beer / Wine in China Beer / Wine in China Wine in China The earliest archaeological evidence of wine has been found at sites in China (c. 7000 BC) Wine in China In China, residue on pottery dating from between 5400 and 4900 years ago shows beer was brewed using barley and other grains.[4] Beer In China Beer In China Beer / Wine in Iran Beer / Wine in Iran Humor Creator Wine in Iran Excavations at the Godin Tepe site in the Zagros mountains , have revealed pottery vessels dating from c. 3100–2900 BC containing tartaric acid, almost certainly indicating the former presence of wine. Even earlier evidence was found at the site of Hajji Firuz Tepe, also in the Zagros mountains. Here, McGovern et al. (1996) used chemical analyses of the residue of a Neolithic jar dating from as early as 5400–5000 BC to indicate high levels of tartaric acid, again suggesting that the fluid contained therein had been made from grapes.[1] Wine in Iran The earliest known chemical evidence of beer in Iran dates to c. 3500–3100 BC from the site of Godin Tepe in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran, and there is evidence of beer-drinking over a long period in the Persian Empire. Beer In Iran Beer In Iran Beer / Wine in France Beer / Wine in France Wine in France French wine originated in the 6th century BC, with the colonization of Southern Gaul by Greek settlers. Viticulture soon flourished with the founding of the Greek colony of Marseille. Wine has been around for thousands of years in the countries surrounding the Mediterranean, but France has made it a part of their civilization and has considered wine-making as an art for over two thousand years. Not only did the Gauls know how to cultivate the vine, they also knew how to prune it. Pruning creates an important distinction in the difference between wild vines and wine producing grapes. Wine in France Nothing interesting found about it... Beer In France Beer In France Beer / Wine in Germany Beer / Wine in Germany Wine in Germany Wine in Germany Viticulture in present-day Germany dates back to Ancient Roman times, to sometime from 70 to 270 CE/AD (Agri Decumates). In those days, the western parts of today's Germany made up the outpost of the Roman empire against the Germanic tribes on the other side of Rhine. What is generally considered Germany's oldest city, Trier, was founded as a Roman garrison and is situated directly on the river Moselle (Mosel) in the eponymous wine region. The oldest archeological finds that may indicate early German viticulture are curved pruning knives found in the vicinity of Roman garrisons, dating from the 1st century AD.[3] However, it is not absolutely certain that these knives were used for viticultural purposes. Emperor Probus, whose reign can be dated two centuries later than these knives, is generally considered the founder of German viticulture, but for solid documentation of winemaking on German soil, we must go to around 370 AD, when Ausonius of Bordeaux wrote Mosella, where he in enthusiastic terms described the steep vineyards on river Moselle.[3] The Reinheitsgebot ("purity decree"), sometimes called the "German Beer Purity Law" or the "Bavarian Purity Law" in English, was a regulation concerning the production of beer in Germany. In the original text, the only ingredients that could be used in the production of beer were water, barley, and hops, which had to be added only while the wort was boiling. After its discovery, yeast became the fourth legal ingredient. For top fermenting beers, the use of sugar is also permitted. There is a dispute as to where the Reinheitsgebot originated. Some Bavarians point out that the law originated in the city of Ingolstadt in the duchy of Bavaria on 23 April 1516, although first put forward in 1487,[4] concerning standards for the sale and composition of beer. Beer In Germany Beer In Germany Beer / Wine in US Beer / Wine in USA Make america great again King of humor Wine in USA Wine in USA The first Europeans to explore North America, a Viking expedition from Greenland, called it Vinland because of the profusion of grape vines they found. The earliest wine made in what is now the United States was produced between 1562 and 1564 by French Huguenot settlers from Scuppernong grapes at a settlement near Jacksonville, Florida.[2] In the early American colonies of Virginia and the Carolinas, wine making was an official goal laid out in the founding charters. However, settlers discovered that the wine made from the various native grapes had flavors which were unfamiliar and which they did not like. This led to repeated efforts to grow the familiar European Vitis vinifera varieties, beginning with the Virginia Company exporting French vinifera vines with French vignerons to Virginia in 1619. These early plantings met with failure as native pest and vine disease ravaged the vineyards. In 1683, William Penn planted a vineyard of French vinifera in Pennsylvania; it may have interbred

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