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Gender Equality

Transcript: Gender Equality 11D Nono Sun Work Kids 20% of the leaders are woman Thank you :D Husband's Parents What stop women to reach the top? Husband CHANGE MLA OR Woman X Sandburg, Sheryl. "Sheryl Sandberg: Why We Have Too Few Women Leaders." TED: Ideas worth Spreading. Ted, n.d. Web. 30 Oct. 2012.

Gender Equality

Transcript: single childless women ages 22 to 30 in the majority of large U.S. cities now have a higher median income than their male peers. Women make up 15 percent of the active-duty force today, and over 230,000 have engaged in combat operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Saudi Arabia- Women are not allowed to Drive or ride bikes, and men are not allowed to drive women they’re not closely related to US Military In many areas of Afghanistan, girls are often taken out of school when they hit pube http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2109140-2,00.html the wage gap persists: women working full time earn a median wage that is 81% of what men make. Gender Inequality Today in 1969, few positions were open to women. No woman could have command authority over men, nor could she serve on any Navy craft, except hospital ships and some transport ships. Read more: http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/news/us/full-gender-equality-still-an-issue-for-the-military-414646/#ixzz28rL7UQeU Gender Equality women today make up almost 60% of U.S. college students and earn the majority of doctorates and master's degrees. China’s one child policy has heightened the disdain for female infants; abortion, neglect, abandonment, and infanticide have been known to occur to female infants. Similarly, the number of girls born and surviving in India is significantly less compared with the number of boys, due to the disproportionate numbers of female fetuses being aborted and baby girls deliberately neglected and left to die. 950:1000 = Normal ratio, some areas are closer to 300:1000 In Iraq, Libya, Jordan, Morocco, Oman and Yemen, married women must have their husband’s written permission to travel abroad, and they may be prevented from doing so for any reason. 1 in 3 women in the U.S. military is raped by another service member. permissive culture allows assault cases to go unnoticed and perpetrators unpunished and has encouraged the continuation of inappropriate behavior. http://www.psmag.com/culture/military-gender-roles-still-thorny-problem-30079/ In 2001 a militant group called Lashkar-e-Jabar demanded that Muslim women in Kashmir wear burqas, head to toe garments that cover their clothes, or risk being attacked. Men threw acid in the faces of two women for not covering up in public Gender Inequalities in the World

Gender Equality

Transcript: History Terminology/Definitions Laws The Classroom Support Organizations 1880 1910 1980 In fulfilling obligations to students, the North Dakota educator: 1. Shall not, without just cause, deny the student access to varying points of view; 2. Shall not intentionally suppress or distort subject matter relevant to a student’s academic program; 3. Shall protect the student from conditions detrimental to learning or to physiological or psychological well-being; 4. Shall not engage in physical abuse of a student or sexual conduct with a student and shall report to the education standards and practices board knowledge of such an act by an educator; 5. Shall not harass, discriminate against, or grant a discriminatory advantage to a student on the grounds of race, color, creed, sex, national origin, marital status, political or religious beliefs, physical or mental conditions, family, social, or cultural background, or sexual orientation; shall make reasonable effort to assure that a student is protected from harassment or discrimination on these grounds; and may not engage in a course of conduct that would encourage a reasonable student to develop a prejudice on these grounds; 6. Shall not use professional relationships with a student for personal advantage or gain; 7. Shall disclose confidential information about individuals, in accordance with state and federal laws, only when a compelling professional purpose is served or when required by law; and, 8. Shall accord just and equitable treatment to all students as they exercise their educational rights and responsibilities. English -Tennessee Williams -Edward Albee -Truman Capote -John Ashbery -Essex Hemphill -William S. Burroughs -Rita Mae Brown -James Baldwin -Allen Ginsberg -Lillian Faderman -Harriet Beecher Stowe Local and National Support Organizations Gay Straight Alliance (GSA) Network - A youth leadership organization that connects school-based GSAs to each other and community resources. Safe Zone Ally Training - Available for free on Blackboard for all NDSU students and faculty. PFLAG - National organization with local chapters that promote the health and well-being of LGBTQ persons, their families and friends through support, education and advocacy. Pride Collective and Community Center - works to support the LGBTQ community of the FM area. They provide resouces and meeting space for many local groups. F-m Pride - Organize annual pride celebrations every year and involve many area groups. ACLU - Describes state and federal rights in a handy pamphlet. Available at:http://www.aclu.org/files/images/asset_upload_file781_33764.pdf Ally The Stonewall Riot Maybe a little maddening? Recently, people have moved to putting the "L" at the front of the acronym, most often spelt GLBTQA, as a way of addressing multiple areas of oppression that lesbians face as both women and homosexuals. Virginia Military Instutite 1996 An individual (male or female) who is attracted sexually and emotionally to both males and females Gay Liberation Day B Queer: Used by some within the LGBT community to refer to a person who is lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, or someone who is supportive of LGBT issues. This term is often as much a political statement as a label. Those who use the term feel it is more inclusive, allowing for the variety in race, class, ability, age, and gender that is present in LGBT communities. Some are offended by this word and view it as a pejorative. Politics -Harvey Milk -Gore Vidal -Roy Cohn -Barney Frank -Gerry Studds -Jane Addams -Eleanor Roosevelt * Have a good understanding of sexual orientation and be comfortable with your own. The Stonewall Inn, circa 1969 Greenwich Village, NYC Gay According to the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network 2007 National School Climate Survey of more than 6,000 students... • Nearly 9 out of 10 LGBT youth reported being verbally harassed at school in the past year because of their sexual orientation • Nearly half (44.1 percent) reported being physically harassed • About a quarter (22.1 percent) reported being physically assaulted. • Nearly two-thirds (60.8 percent) who experienced harassment or assault never reported the incident to the school • Of those who did report the incident, nearly one-third (31.1 percent) said the school staff did nothing in response On average students heard anti-gay epithets 25 times a day, and teachers failed to respond to these comments 97% of the time. Gay and lesbian youth are two to three times more likely to commit suicide than other youths, and 30 percent of all completed youth suicides are related to the issue of sexual identity. -Report to the Secretary's Task Force on Youth Suicide Seneca Falls Convention 1848 * Understand that LGBT people receive the same messages about homosexuality and bisexuality as everyone else. Thus, LGBT people suffer from internalized homophobia and heterosexism. It is important to recognize the risks of coming out and to challenge the internal

Gender Equality

Transcript: Gender Equality in the World? Women's Rights History of Gender Equality in the U.S. Gender Equality Gender Equality - Women's Organization - Wanted the right to vote - Susan B. Anthony - Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1900's Reform on -reproductive rights -domestic violence -maternity leave - equal pay -sexual harrassment and violence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_equality http://ippf.org/our-work/what-we-do/gender/what-gender-equality http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_equality#History http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Pay_Act_of_1963 http://money.cnn.com/2013/10/24/news/economy/gender-equality/ http://www.unicef.org/gender/files/Yemen-Gender-Eqaulity-Profile-2011.pdf http://www.npr.org/2013/06/10/189280329/50-years-after-the-equal-pay-act-gender-wage-gap-endures - Women hold 98 out of 535 seats in Congress (18%) -Maternity leave: Only some companies allow women to take 12 weeks off, however pay is not guaranteed. - Unequal pay: It's been fifty years since the Equal Pay Act was signed by JFK and on average women make 77 cents for every dollar a man earns. What is Gender Equality? What is the feminism movement? U.S. is Still Dealing with Gender Equality Issues - Radified August 18th, 1920 - Prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. - The Amendment was drafted and first introduced by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1878. Forty one years later congress submitted it to the states for radification. http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/audio/2011/sep/26/global-development-podcast-gender-equality The 19th Amendment - A woman's testimony is worth half of that of a man's. Sometimes not considered at all. - Nationality rights. - Can request divorce under certain circumstances. - Only custody of children until age 9 for boys and 12 for girls. - Right to inherit, but less than a man. - Customary practice that women need permission from their male guardian for a passport, movement, and cannot travel alone. - No law against domestic violence. - Marital rape is not a crime. - Women can be arrested for being with a man who is not their relative. - Female genital mutilation is legal. - 1 woman in the lower house and 2 in the upper house of parliment. 1960's 1920 Today Yemen Gender equality implies that men and women should receive equal treatment. It does not mean that men and women are the same, but that they have equal value. Bibliography Suffragette / - Feminist movement continued, but has the central issue that women's rights should be the same as men's. - Equal Pay Act of 1963: signed into law by JFK, requiring that men and women in the same workplace are given equal pay for equal work.

Gender equality

Transcript: Single-sex schools? Employment Gender Equality in Canada Government Policy Canada is a world leader in the promotion and protection of women’s rights and gender equality. These issues are central to Canada’s foreign and domestic policies. Canada is committed to the view that gender equality is not only a human rights issue, but is also an essential component of sustainable development, social justice, peace, and security. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). The UDHR was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly, of which Canada is a member, in 1948. Canada ratified the CEDAW Convention in 1981. Labour force participation of women in Canada in 2005 was around 72%, Women accounted for two-thirds of the 1.3 million increase in the Canadian labour force during the 1990s. Canada has one of the largest wage gaps in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) between men and women working full- time. Earning differentials between males and females are slowly narrowing in Canada, although the gap remains at 30%. The differences in occupational choices and the relatively high incidence of part-time work among women relative to men negatively affect their wages. According to Statistics Canada, in 2003, although women are over-represented in certain disciplines, e.g., they constitute over two-thirds of graduates in the humanities, arts, education, health and welfare, they are scarcer in engineering, computer science and other technology-related fields. There were no technological fields in the top three growth disciplines among female university graduates in 2000. Research has also shown that differences in work history and job tenure act to depress women’s earnings. Childcare provision throughout the country is not consistent and higher-income families (in Quebec, notably) are more likely to use child care than low-income families, partially due to insufficient child care places. Education Drop-Out Rates

Gender Equality

Transcript: Gender gaps in access to education have narrowed, but differences remain high in university-level education and in developing regions. Girl’s education ratios in primary and secondary ratios have improved worldwide, however the 2005 target was missed, with the largest discrepancies in places like Oceania, sub-Saharan Africa and Western Asia. The percent of women in paid, non-agricultural employment has increased, at a global 41 percent in 2008. It is still as low as 20 percent in Southern Asia, Northern Africa and Western Asia, and 32 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa. Between 1995 and 2010, the percent of women engaged in a parliamentary position increased to 19 percent, but is still far from equal. Gender Equality: A Millennium Goal The UN created this goal in response to a massive disparity between education and employment opportunities between men and women. In 2008, there were 96 girls for every 100 boys enrolled in primary school, and 95 girls for every 100 boys in secondary school in developing regions. This lack of education leads to lack of career opportunity, and creates an even larger gender gap. -In Cambodia, an initiative run by the UN Development Fund for Women, provided training in political campaigning and governing to 919 women candidates. The initiative helped increase the number of women running for office from 16 percent in 2002 to 21 percent in 2007, and the number of women elected rose from 8.5 percent to 15 percent. -The UNDP has increased the percent of women in the political process in Rwanda, where women now make up 56 percent of the Parliament — the world’s highest share. -In Vietnam, UNFPA works with the Vietnam Women’s Union on a microfinance initiative that helps women get credit and training. Participants meet weekly to review loans and learn about household economics, farming and animal husbandry -The UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) supports teacher training and the development of learning materials that promote gender equality. Why was our goal established? Where we stand today: What accomplishments have been made? The goal was created in the hope that with an increase in female education, this would create opportunities and narrow the divide between man and woman. With education, comes a chance to liberate one’s self, and the UN hopes this opportunity will allow women around the world to advance themselves in society, should they choose to do so. Evidence shows that quality of life improves with education, therefore, with new found opportunities, the UN hopes these women can improve their own condition, and in response, their world. What was the purpose behind the goal? The share of women employed outside of agriculture remains as low as 20 per cent in Southern Asia, Western Asia and Northern Africa. This lack of education restrains many women to agricultural work and to domestic life. The global share of women in parliament continues to rise slowly and reached 19 per cent in 2010, showing that countries are largely governed by men, leading to further gender inequality. What steps have been taken to accomplish this goal? -In Bangladesh, a program has provided money directly to girls and their families to cover tuition and other costs, on the condition that they enroll in secondary school and remain unmarried until the age of 18. By 2005, girls accounted for 56 per cent of secondary school enrolment in the areas covered by the program, compared with 33 per cent in 1991. -In 2005, there were no women in the Kyrgyz Parliament and only one woman in a cabinet position. In 2007, following a nationwide discussion facilitated by the UN Development Programme (UNDP), a 30 per cent gender quota was enshrined in the election code. By 2008, Kyrgyzstan had the highest proportion of women in Parliament (25.6 per cent) and in Government (21 per cent) in Central Asia. - UNDP supports the participation of women in the political process in Rwanda, where women now make up 56 per cent of the Parliament — the world’s highest share.

Gender equality

Transcript: http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/265489/265489,1243450092,2/stock-vector-cartoon-caveman-dragging-a-cave-woman-31004170.jpg http://gbgm-umc.org/missionstudies/interfaith/images/sym-jainism-210.gif 1993 India ratifies Convention on elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. 1993 Amendment to Constitution requiring 1/3 of elected seats of local governing bodies be reserved for women. 1994 India passes Pre-natal Diagnostic Act. 2001 National policy for the empowerment of women. Written by Kautilya, advisor to Chandragupta A text about administering the kingdom including laws, economic policies, king’s duties, welfare, military, discipline and social duties. Arthashastra books 3 and 4 detail rights of women in marriage, property and work. According to the non-profit organization Children in Need: • Marriage and divorce • Inheritance and jewelry • Duties of a wife • Punishment for both women and men LAWS OF MANU 200 B.C.E. Why are women important? MODERN INDIA HOW CAN INDIA STILL IMPROVE? Attitudes about gender are still strong.Boys are considered better as they earn money and girls are considered a burden because of dowries. The United Nations says over 5 million abortions are performed in India annually. Girls are sent to work instead of school. Wage discrimination. Every 6th infant death is due to gender discrimination. Girls suffer from malnutrition and lack of health care. RELIGIOUS RENAISSANCE HELP OR HINDER? LEADERS OF Mauryan Dynasty 321 – 185 BCE In the Family http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_YdAacBURVXE/SFFxBsdyp4I/AAAAAAAACw8/aihSe79_Ee4/s320/men-of-quality-women-rights.jpg “In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead to her sons; a woman must never be independent.” According to the Global Gender Index by the World Economic Forum India does • Well on political empowerment of women • Poorly on health • Poorly on education • Poorly on economic participation Improve Education. According to Children in Need women who are educated: • Marry later • Survive childbirth • Have fewer and healthier children • Ensure their own children complete school • Understand the importance of healthcare and hygiene • Get jobs • Gain status in society http://www.travelphoto.net/a-photo-a-day/wordpress/wp-content/sri-lanka-0037a-500.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/8marchrallydhaka_%2855%29.JPG People were not happy with caste system as it excluded lower castes from religion rites. Brahmanism was complicated and expensive and was conducted in Sanskrit, which people did not understand. Chandragupta Maura (340-298 BCE) converted to Jainism Practiced Ahimsa (non-violence) against the objections of the Hindu Priests. Chandragupta’s conversion started an acceptance of other religions Ashoka the Great converted to Buddhism out of remorse for the Kalinga War in 264 BCE. Buddhism spread by inscriptions on pillars. Ashoka sent people around the Kingdom to make sure Dhamma was being practiced. People converted because they found it easier to follow and it was in their Pali language of the Kshatriyas. The religions taught that all people are equal. In many societies roles and status depend on the gender of the person. • How has India’s leadership past and present helped or hindered women? • Why are women important? • What is Modern Indian leadership doing for women? • What still needs to be done. 320–-298 BCE Chandragupta Maurya • Founder of Mauryan Empire • Conquered Macedonians and Nanda Dynasty • Considered first unifier of India • Arthashastra written • Converted to Jainism 298-272 BCE Bindusara • Son of Chandragupta the Great • Expanded the empire southwards 273 – 232 BCE-Ashoka the Great • Son of Bindusara • One of India’s greatest emperors • Conquered Kalinga in a bloody battle • Embraced Buddhism • Embraced non-violence (ahimsa) • Edicts of Ashoka • Respect all living things • Everyone is equal • Spread Dhamma (duty and proper behavior) Arthashastra details laws for women on: CHALLENGES STILL FACING LEADERS IN INDIA PROBLEM: Why are women not treated equally to men? http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/kni/lowres/knin175l.jpg GENDER INEQUALITY http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Chandragupta_Maurya_Empire.gif “Studies show there is a direct link between a country’s attitude toward women and its progress socially and economically. The status of women is central to the health of a society.” The Arthashastra 350 - 283 B.C.E.

Gender Equality

Transcript: Gender Equality Everyone "deserves to live in freedom, to have his or her privacy respected and a chance to go as far as their ability and effort will take them - regardless of race, gender, ethnicity or economic circumstances." Christopher Dodd What are Little Girls made of? What are Little boys made of? What are little boys made of? Snips and snails, and puppy dogs tails That's what little boys are made of !" What is Gender??? Gender refers to the social identity of men and women. What makes a Man a Man? What makes a Women a Women? ACCORDING TO SCIENCE.... We all know the difference physically, but what does that have to do with ability and effort in work performance. Discrimination in the Work Place An employment policy or practice that applies to everyone, regardless of sex, can be illegal if it has a negative impact on the employment of people of a certain sex and is not job-related or necessary to the operation of the business. Gender Discrimination Gender discrimination, (also known as sexual discrimination.) is the practice of letting a person's sex unfairly become a factor when deciding who receives a job, promotion, or other employment benefit. It most often affects women who feel they have been unfairly discriminated against in favor of a man. But there have also been cases where males have claimed that reverse discrimination has occurred—that is, the woman received unfairly favorable treatment at the expense of the man. Sexual Harassment Harassment can include “sexual harassment” or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature. Harassment does not have to be of a sexual nature, however, and can include offensive remarks about a person’s sex. For example, it is illegal to harass a woman by making offensive comments about women in general. Both victim and the harasser can be either a woman or a man, and the victim and harasser can be the same sex. Examples of gender discrimination or sexual harassment that would fall under the scope of the act include: An employee who alleges that his or her manager only promotes male employees and keeps females in entry-level positions. An employee who alleges that a manager or other person in power tells jokes or makes statements that are demeaning, insulting, or offensive to women. A manager who asks inappropriate and unnecessary questions about a employee's sex life. A manager who makes it clear, either through his actions or words, that he wants to have sexual relations with a employee. A manager who touches his employees in inappropriate ways without consent. Where esle can gender discrimation occur? Discrimination in Schools Although public schools should provide equal educational opportunities for children of any race, gender or economic status, they often fall short of this ideal. Gender discrimination can occur at school in various levels. For example, the teacher might like girls more than boys or the other way around. Personal preferences do show in professional life also for most of us. Because of gender discrimination children may experience a feeling of low self esteem. What other areas is discrimination showed in schools? Discrimination in Sports There are all kinds of sports today that are national mania and people love watching and participating in sports. BUT... This kind of discrimination starts in the school system itself where girls are not given an opportunity to take part in boy’s sports. There are always boy’s team and girl’s team separately. It is common to see women in tennis, swimming, running, gymnastics, badminton and other activities that are milder. However, there are several sports where there is no trace of women anywhere such as golf, football, baseball. So, this also shows that women are continued to be viewed as weaker sex in some cases. Athletics regulation that comes under the civil rights act does not allow discrimination and it is clearly defined that girls or women can participate in all kinds of sports. Terms to know Feminism is the study of gender with the goal of changing society to make women and men Sexism is the assertion that one sex is innately superior or inferior to the other. The End What are little girls made of? "Sugar and spice and all things nice That's what little girls are made of!" By: Lucinda S. Martinez ~Nursey Rhyme Female Male

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